Speed of Sound

Speed of Sound kan jedhamu kuni speed sound waveiin wanna yokan (medium) Elastic ta'e kessa demuni. Gossa wanna kessa darbu irratti hunda'e speed kuni gargara jirra (Fakkena sound waveiin qillensa kessa calla bishanii kessa bayye faggo demma). Kana qoffa osoo hin ta'in garagarruman kuni fakki medium sunni irrattille ni hunda'a (fakkena Temprature). Maqqan kuni bayyinan sound wave qillensaffi fayyadatama. Sea Levelitti, temprature 21°C (70 °F) fi atmosferra sirritti (normalitti) speed kuni 344 m/s (769 mph or 1238 km/h) dha.

Soundiin xuyyura kana qillensa kessani darbe nu dhaqqaba, haa ta'u malle osoo qillensi sunii bishani ta'e soundiin daffe nu dhaqabbu danda'a

Maqaan sound velocity(v) fi sound speed(c) kan yerro guddo walli wajjin fayyadamani maqaa Sound Particle Velocity(v) wajjin gargarri bafachunni barbachissa dha. Sound particle velocityiin velocity particle(yokan velocity wantotta diddiqo waan adunya hundaa kessatti argamanitti).

Gossa atmosferra irratti hunda'e speed kuni gargarri jirra. Kan kessa immo kan bayye speed jijjiru tempraturadha. Dhibaan qillensa speed soundii irratti jijjirama homma hiin fiddu. Ideal gas irratti dhibaan qillensa jijjirama homma fidu hin danda'u. Kunis sababa dhibaan kunif densityiin qillensa jijjirama wal-qixxe ta'e waan fidanuffi. Kanaffu ideal gas kessatti density fi dhiban walli ballessu. Kunni immo jijjirami sababa tempraturra qofaan akka dhufu sababa ta'a. Tempraturra gudda kessatti speed of soundiin gudda dha. Fagganne gara olii yoo demnu speed of soundiin hirdhacha dhuffa kunis sababa yoo ollii demnu tempraturii waan hirdhacha dhufuffi. Haa ta'u malee olii demne yoo Stratosphere dhaqabnu temprecherii ni darrata kunis sababa ho'a Ozone Layeriif, kanafu speed of soundillen ni darratta.

Jidhii (Humidity)iin jijjirami speed of sound irratti qabu diqqa haa ta'u malee lakka'amu ni danda'a. Speed of soundiin qillensa jidha kessatti percentii 0.1%-0.6% hirdhatta.

Tilmammi speed of soundii halla qillensa jidha hinqabne fi temprecherri 0 °Cfi dhihoo ta'e kessatti meters per second (m·s-1)iin formula kanan argamu ni danda'amma.

                       :$c_{\mathrm {air} }=331{.}3+(0{.}6\cdot \vartheta )\ \mathrm {m\cdot s^{-1}} \,$

where $\vartheta \,$ is the temperature in degrees Celsius (°C).

Formulan kuni kan dhufee formula Taylor Expansion term lamman dura irratti. Formulan Taylor immo kan fakkatta:-

           :$c_{\mathrm {air} }=331.3{\sqrt {1+{\frac {\vartheta }{273.15}}}}\ \mathrm {m\cdot s^{-1}}$

Lakkofsii 331.3 m/s kuni speed temprature 0 °C yoo ta'u, lakkofsi kuni guddinan theoryiin kan argame fi hanga ta'een immo lakka'amme argame yoo ta'u kan itti hunda'e immo specific heat ratio,$\gamma$. Yoo ideal gasiin $\gamma$ tilmamee 7/5 = 1.4000 ta'a jedhame, speed temprecheraa 0 °C argammu 331.3 m/sec ta'a (lakkofsi kuni immo lakkofsa formula irratti fayyadame dha). Haa ta'u malle speed temprature 0 °C kan ideal gas hunda 331.2 hanga 331.6 ta'a.

Formulan kuni range temprecherra bayye kessatti ni hojjatta, haa ta'u malle Heat Capacityiin kuni akka temprecherra irra ofii danda'etti yoo fudhatame. Formulan kuni immo temprecherra guggudatti hin hojjattu. Haa ta'u malle formulan kuni tilmamma garri kan kennu yerro qillensi goggoga, qabana'a fi dhibaa qillensa diqaa qabattu dha. Fakkenafi Stratospheretti.

Dherrina garra olii	Temprecherra	m·s-1	km·h-1	mph	knots
Sea level	15 °C (59 °F)	340	1225	761	661
11 000 m−20 000 m (Dherrina commercial jets, and first supersonic flight)	-57 °C (-70 °F)	295	1062	660	573
29 000 m (X-43A kan itti bararru)	-48 °C (-53 °F)	301	1083	673	585